框架效应及其认知机制的研究进展

Review of the Framing Effect and its Cognitive Mechanism

框架效应违背了不变性原则,是描述性决策理论违背规范性理论的经典异像。以亚洲疾病问题为代表的经典框架效应又称作风险选择框架效应,此外还包括特征框架效应等不同类别。框架效应受损益值类型和大小等社会线索影响。除展望理论可以解释其认知机制外,模糊痕迹理论和概率心理模型等也对此加以解释。框架效应的脑机制在大脑右半球和杏仁核等区域。文章最后对全文做了总结及展望。

The framing effect, basically against invariance axi- om, is a classic anomaly that indicates the violation of descriptive theory against the normative theory. The classic framing effect represented by Asian disease problem is called the risky decision framing effect, also includes other types of framing effects such as the attribute framing. Moreover, the framing effect is influenced by social cues,such as the type and magnitude of payoff, and can be explained by the prospect theory, the fuzzy-trace theory and probabilistic mental model and etc. The neurological base of the framing effect lies in the right hemisphere and arnygdala. Based on the above review, the future research is proposed finally.