时频域多属性分析技术在碳酸盐岩岩溶储层预测中的应用

Application of Seismic Attribute Analysis in Predicting Karst Reservoir

我国岩溶型碳酸盐岩储层普遍埋深较大,非均质性强、缝洞分布规律复杂,地震资料成像差,信噪比和分辨率低,储层预测难度大。古地形恢复、相干体和分频地震属性是目前常见的岩溶储层预测方法,但是,对岩溶型储层发育区的相带、岩性、物性的有效表征还有差距,对岩溶储层敏感的属性信息的应用还有进一步优选的余地。研究以我国西部A地区为例,结合时频域多种地震级联属性和地震相的特点,探讨了岩溶型储层地震多属性预测方法。实例表明:基于时频域级联属性的多属性综合预测方法可较好刻画风化壳岩溶储层的展布特征,多属性相干体、分频地震属性和地震波阻抗是对岩溶储层敏感的地震属性,研究提出利用相干体背景信息区分不同时代岩溶风化壳,对于分析岩溶作用强烈程度和岩溶储层发育有实际意义。

In China,karst carbonate reservoirs were generally buried deeply with strong heterogeneity,complex distribution of cavity and fracture,poor image of seismic data,low signal-noise ratio and difficult for reservoir prediction,palaeotopograph restoration,coherence body and frequency division seismic attribute were commonly used methods for karst reservoir prediction.But for the facies belt,litholigic,physical properties were weak in karst reservoir development area.Based on seismic attribute analysis technique,more geophysical information can be extracted from seismic data,which improves recognition reservoir features such as subsurface structure,reservoir characteristics and physical properties,and increase the accuracy of the forecasts.The practical application shows that the use of multi-attribute seismic analysis techniques can effectively predict the distribution of karst reservoir properties as well as the characteristics of the oilfield exploration and development so as to provide a strong basis.