长江三峡工程蓄水前后库区兴山段肾综合征出血热监测分析

Surveillance of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome before and after in xingshan county in three gorges reservoir area

目的探索三峡库区淹没区兴山段肾综合征出血热(HFRS)人间和宿主动物间汉坦病毒携带状况的动态变化。方法采用描述流行病学、现场调查、实验室病原学、血清学监测方法。结果三峡库区兴山段自1997-2007年与三峡工程同步进行了HFRS监测,检测健康人群血清1831份,发现HFRS隐性感染率为2.18%,年龄以30～50岁人群为主,感染率为3.10%;职业以农民为主,感染率为3.23%;男女性别之比为0.74∶1。宿主动物监测捕获啮齿动物共741只,捕获率为2.19%,汉坦病毒(HV)平均带毒率为2.70%,监测点居民区室内鼠带毒率为2.79%;野外鼠带毒率为2.46%。室内鼠种以褐家鼠为优势鼠种,带毒率为3.58%;野外以黑线姬鼠为优势鼠种,带病毒率为4.41%。结论三峡库区是HFRS的潜在流行区,应采取相应预防控制措施。同时应加强库区HFRS的预警监测。

Objective To explore the epidemic status of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome （HFRS） and hantaan virus infection in people and animal in Xingshan county, and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of HFRS in three gorges reservoir area. Methods The descriptive epidemiological analysis, field survey and laboratory etiological and serological surveillance were conducted. Results A total of 1831 serum samples of healthy people were detected during 1997- 2007 in Xingshan county, which indicated that the asymptomatic infection rate of HSRS was 2.18%. Most infection were in farmers with the infection rate of 3.23%, and most infection occurred in people aged 30 - 50 years with the infection rate of 3.10%. The ratio of men to women was 0.74： 1. The carrier rate of hantaan virus in 741 rats captured was 2.70%. The carrier rate of the virus in the rates inside house in surveillance area 2.79%, and the carrier rate in the rats in the wild was 2.46%. The predominant species inside house was Mus norvegicus with the carrier rate of 3.58%, while the predominant species in the wild was Apodemus agrarius with the carrier rate of 4.41%. Conclusion The area around three gorges reservoir was potential epidemic area of HFRS. It is necessary to take the preventive and control measures and strengthen the HFRS surveillance in three gorges reservoir area.