灌溉水湿润容积对部分根域干燥栽培藤稔葡萄树体生长和果实发育的影响

Effect of wetting volume on the growth and fruit development of Fujiminori grapevine under partial root-zone irrigation

将3a生藤稔葡萄栽植于单株容积108L(宽60cm,深30cm,株距60cm)的栽培槽中,设置单株分别留2、4、6个新梢(使每新梢各拥有约54L、27L和18L水润容积)的部分根域干燥灌溉(PRD)处理和单株留4新梢两侧灌溉(DI)处理,来探讨灌溉水润容积对部分根域干燥栽培葡萄生长发育和根域水势的影响。结果表明,葡萄果粒成熟期,平均每新梢(约0.5～0.6m2叶面积)拥有约27L的灌溉水润容积处理,其灌溉水量是常规双侧灌溉处理的50%,新梢生长量和叶面积降低,但湿区土壤水势、果实产量、品质与双侧灌溉处理没有显著差异。可见每m2叶面积拥有约50L的灌溉水润容积能够满足部分根域干燥栽培葡萄生长发育的需要。

In spring of 2007,three-year-old Fujiminori（Vitis vinifera×V.labrusca） vines were transplanted into trough（60 cm in width and 30 cm in depth） with spacing of 60 cm.The bed was divided into two equivalent parts,full of a mixture of garden soil,sand and mature mushroom slag.The vine roots were distributed into the two parts.Experiment was conducted with a complete randomized design with 4 drip-irrigation treatments,including PRDs（partial root-zone drying） and DI（double irrigation）.Shoots were pinched before the beginning of flowering,lateral shoots were pinched with one piece of leaf retained.2,4,6 shoots were set respectively for the three PRDs,and that was 54 L,27 L and 18 L of wetting volume for each shoot.4 shoots were set for the DI.The vines were used to evaluate the vegetative growth,fruit development and soil water potential in response to the wetting volume under partial root-zone drying and conventional double irrigation.Results showed that,the treatment with 27 L wetting volume for each shoot with 0.6～0.7 m2 leaf area has no difference with the conventional double irrigation treatment which had the same wetting volume on water potential of wet zone,fruit yield and quality,but with increased the water use efficiency.The results suggested that 50 L wetting volume per m2 leaf area could meet the requirement of the growth and berry development for grapevine under partial root-zone drying.