苹果抗褐斑病离体鉴定的方法

In vitro evaluation of resistance to Marssonina mali in apple

为了研究苹果褐斑病[Marssonina mali(P. Henn.)Ito]抗病性离体接种鉴定的方法,以苹果品种鸡冠(抗)、国光(较抗)和富士(感)离体叶片为试材,采用不同浓度的孢子悬浮液进行接种,调查平均每叶片发病病斑数。结果表明,不同品种,不同孢子浓度,不同接种方式和不同培养温度,发病病斑数表现出显著差异;抗病性离体鉴定最优方法为:孢子浓度5×105个·mL-1,叶片双面接种正面朝上放置,接种后培养温度25℃,培养第7天调查叶片发病情况。此方法可用于苹果种质资源大规模抗褐斑病性评价以及杂种实生树抗病性鉴定。

In order to establishing an in vitro method for the evaluation of resistance to Marssonina mali（P.Henn.） Ito in apple,young leaves of 3 apple cultivars,Jiguan（resistant）,Ralls Janet（semi-resistant） and Fuji（susceptible） were inoculated with spore suspension in different spore densities.The results showed that the spots per leaf differed significantly among cultivars,spore densities,inoculation methods and cultural temperatures.The best in vitro evaluation method is recommended as follows：inoculating spore density 5×10^5·mL^-1,leaves placed upward after double-side inoculation,cultural temperature 25 ℃ and the spots per leaf examined after 7 d inoculated.This method could be used in large-scale for germplasm evaluation of resistance to Marssonina mali（P.Henn.） Ito and for hybrid selection in breeding programs.