一种高速加工平滑运动轨迹自适应算法

An Adaptive Algorithm for Generating Smooth Motion Locus of High-speed Machining

提出一种基于多项式曲线的机床运动轨迹自适应控制算法。该算法克服了直线、指数、三角函数和S曲线加减速方法的不足,能够保证机床在高速运行过程中速度、加速度和加加速度均连续有界,运动平滑,避免冲击和震动;给出了在进给电动机额定转矩、额定转速、系统加速度和机床路径曲率约束下,核算机床最高允许进给速度的方法;提出了根据机床行程大小按运行时间最短确定机床运行方式的速度变迁控制策略。该自适应算法简单实用,可用于高速加工系统及CAM软件开发中。

An adaptive control algorithm for the machine tool motion locus based on the polynomial curves was presented. This algorithm overcomes the defficiencies in the acceleration/deceleration methods of the linear, exponent, triangle function and s-shape curves, it is capable to guarantee the continuity, limited value and smooth motion of the speed, acceleration and jerk of the machine tool in high-speed operation, to avoid the impact and vibration. The method for calculating the highest permissible feed speed was presented, under the constraint of the rated torque, rated rotation speed, system acceleration and machine tool path curvature of the feed motor, the speed-change control strategy for determining the operating mode of the machine tool based on the travel size and minimum operating time of the machine tool was given. The adaptive algorithm is simple and practical, and applicable for the development of the high-speed machining system and CAM software.