连续5a临床常见非发酵菌分离率变化及耐药性分析

Analysis of the Changing Isolation Rates and Drug Resistance of Clinical Common Non-Fermentative Bacilli for Five Successive Years

对中国医科大学附属盛京医院2004～2008年5 a间非发酵菌的分离情况及其耐药性进行比较和分析,旨在为临床制定合理有效的抗感染治疗方案提供依据。采用琼脂扩散法药敏试验,测定5 a间临床常见非发酵菌菌株的药敏,数据统计分析用WHONET5.4软件进行。5 a间分离的非发酵菌在革兰阴性杆菌中的比率呈上升趋势,到2008年占革兰阴性杆菌的46.49%。非发酵菌的耐药率逐年升高,其中耐药最严重的是鲍曼不动杆菌。非发酵菌为医院感染的主要致病菌,且对抗菌药物呈多重耐药,临床医生应注重本地区、本治疗区的细菌耐药监测情况,合理选择抗生素,减少耐药菌出现的机会,采取有效措施减少医院内感染的发生和耐药菌在医院内的传播。

Isolation rates and drug resistance of non-fermentative bacteria （NFB） were compared and analyzed for five successive years during 2004 - 2008 in the purpose of providing foundation for clinical reasonable and effective anti-lnfectious treatment work plan. Agar diffusion method for drug sensitive test was used to measure the drug sensitivity of the clinical common NFB for five successive years. And the statistic analysis of data was carried out with WHONET 5.4 software. The results showed that the isolation rates of Gram-negative NFB during the five years assumed a rising tendency and reached to 46.49% of the Gram-negative bacteria in 2008. And the drug-resistance rate of NFB rose year by year; anaong them the most serious one was Acinetobacter baumannii. Therefore, NFB was one of the main pathogenic bacteria in nosoeomial infeetion and assumed to be muhiple drug resistance against antibiotic, and it is suggested that clinical physicians should attach great importance to bacterial drug resistance monitoring conditions of local area and local therapeutic area, in order to reasonably select antibiotic to reduce the emerge opportunity of drug-resistant bacteria （DRB） and adopt effective measurement to decrease the happening of nosocomial infection and the spread of DRB in the hospital.