无偿献血者非一针采血成功原因分析及对策

The reasons and countermeasures of unsuccessful blood collecting by first time in unpaid blood donors

目的探讨提高采血一针成功率的方法和对策。方法选择141745人次的无偿献血者为对象，对其中1051例非一针采血成功的献血者进行分组比较，分析原因。结果非一针采血成功者中，因献血不良反应而终止采血的占大多数，比率为75．17％（790／1051）；18—25岁、26～40岁献血年龄组与41-55岁年龄组比较、首次献血与再次献血组比较、不同献血环境比较均有明显差异；此外，与采血者的工作经验与技术也有相关性。结论预防和减少献血不良反应的发生是提高采血一针穿刺成功率的关键，应加大宣传的力度，普及献血知识，做好心理护理（年轻人和首次献血者更为重要），改善献血环墙．提高采血技术．可以有效提高采血一针成功的机摩。

Objective To analyze the masons of unsuccessful blood collecting by first time in 1 051 unpaid blood donors and talk over how to improve the success rate of blood collecting by first time. Methods From 2005 to 2008, 1 051 blood donors who were not unsuccessful blood collected by first time among 141 745 unpaid blood donors were analyzed. Results 790 cases （75.17%） was terminated of blood donation because of adverse reaction. There wexe significantly different between 18 -25 years old, 26-40 years old and 41 -55 years old, the first and the second blood donation, and different environment. Furthermore, nurses＇ work experience and skill were important factors. Conclusions Prevention and reduction of blood donation adverse events is the key to raise the success rate of blood donation for first time. Therefore we should give more publicity, popularize blood donation knowledge, do well in psychological care especially to youth and first blood donor, make better the blood donation environment, improve collecting blood skill to improve the success rate of blood collecting by first time.