中国人颏孔与下颌孔的研究

A STUDY OF MENTAL AND MANDIBULAR FORAMINA OF CHINESE ADULTS

对500个成人下颔骨的颏孔和下颌孔进行了研究。颏孔与第二前磨牙相对的最多,占78.0±1.3％。颏孔前后位置指数和上下位置指数,男性分别为27.1及50.8,女性为27.4及49.4。颏孔以卵圆形最多,占80.9±1.24％。颏孔的大小,男性为4.05mm×3.30mm,女性为3.94mm×3.16mm。颏孔开口朝后上者占88.7％。下颌孔至下颌切迹、下颌支的下缘。

The mental and mandibular foramina of 500 adult Chinese mandibles were studied. Mandibles whose mental foramina lie beneath the second premolar tooth account for 78.0±1.3%. The index of anteroposterior positions of mental foramina is 27.1 in males and 27.4 in females. The index of upward and backward positions of the foramina in males and females are 50.8 and 49.4 respectively. The most common shape of mental foramina is oval, such mental foramina making up 80.9±1.24% of the total. The average dimension of the foramen was measured, being 4.05mm×3.30mm in males and 3.94mm×3.16mm in females. The average distances from the lowest margin of the mandibular foramen to the mandibular notch and to the basal margin, the anterior and posterior of the mandibular ramus in males and females are 26.5±0.15mm and 24.1+0.18mm, 29.6+0.13mm and 26.9+0.17mm, 20.3±0.10mm and 19.1±0.12mm, and 16.8±0.09mm and 15.0+0.11mm. The indexes of anteroposterior positions of mandibular foramina are 54.6 (in males) and 55.9 (in females)and those of the upward and downward positions of the mandibular foramen are 46.7 (in males) and 47.2 (in females). Sex difference is statistically significant. However, no statistical difference was found on both sides.