垃圾焚烧飞灰中典型重金属形态分布研究

Study on speciation distribution of typical heavy metals in municipal solid waste incineration fly ash

采用原欧洲共同体参考物质署指导制定的标准三步分级提取法对垃圾焚烧飞灰中的7种重金属（锌、镍、铅、铜、锰、镉、铬）的化学形态进行了研究。结果表明：金属镉主要以弱酸提取态的形式存在（含量占总镉质量的75.66%～89.09%）,同时铅、铜的弱酸提取态含量也较高（含量占总质量的32.12%～41.36%）,对环境具有潜在的影响;铅、铜、锰、锌的可还原态及可氧化态含量相对较高,铬、镍主要以残渣态形式存在（含量占总质量的57.17%～86.90%）。

Three-step sequential chemical extraction method established by Reference Material Office of former European Community was used to study chemical speciation of 7 heavy metals （ Zn, Ni, Pb, Cu, Mn,Cd and Cr） in municipal solid waste incineration （ MSWI ） fly ash. Results showed Cd that mainly existed in weak acid extractable form （ account for 75.66% to 89.09% of the total mass of cadmium） ,and meanwhile the contents of weak acid extractable form of lead and copper were also very high（ account for 32.12% to 41.36% of the total mass） ,which had a potential impact on the environment;whereas the contents of reducible and oxidable speciation of Pb, Cu, Mn,and Zn were relatively high;and Cr and Ni mainly existed in residual speciation（ account for 57.17% to 86.90% of the total mas）.