院前急救感染控制流程建立与循证医学的应用研究

Studies on the Establishment of Infection Control Process for Prior-to-admission first Aid and the Application of Evidence-based Medicine

目的探讨循证医学应用于院前急救感染控制流程的建立。方法对有关院前急救相关资料的调查采集,确定院前急救感染控制工作中存在的问题,然后通过医学文献检索数据库(MEDLINE)、中国医学科学院信息研究所编制的中文生物医学文献数据库及相关的循证医学网站上检索相关文献,进行综合评价,建立院前急救感染控制各项流程。结果院前急救的气管插管和开放性外伤患者感染发生率分别下降了4.71%和3.51%;无菌物品管理,经2χ检验P<0.05;各项卫生学监测指标P<0.01;医护人员职业防护依从性P<0.01;医疗废物管理符合标准要求。结论应用循证医学的方法,建立院前急救流程感染控制各项流程,使院前急救的感染控制工作更加科学化、规范化。

OBJECTIVE To explore with infection control process in prior-to-admission first aid by using evidence- based medicine. METHODS By investigating and collecting relevant materials of the patients before admitted, we found the issues that existed in prior-to-admission first aids. Then, we searched the related literatures from the evidence-based medicine （EBM） websites （MEDLINE database, etc）, undertook comprehensive evaluation and established the infection control process in prior-to-admission first aid. RESULTS The infection rates of tracheal cannula and open injury were reduced by 4.71% and 3.51%. Sterile materials management inspected by χ^2 （P〈0.05）; various hygienic monitoring index （P〈0.01）; compliance of medical staff （P〈0.01）; medical rubbish management met the standard requirement. CONCLUSIONS Applying EBM in infection control process in prior-to- admission first aid makes procedures of infection control more scientific and standardized.