农业有机废物与城市生活垃圾堆肥高温期微生物种群结构比较

Comparison Microbial Communities During High Temperature Period of Composting of Organic Agriculture Wastes and Municipal Domestic Waste

通过PCR、克隆文库方法分析了农业有机废物和城市垃圾堆肥高温期间细菌和真菌种群的多样性。提取堆肥高温期的DNA,PCR扩增,构建各高温期的16S rDNA和18S rDNA克隆文库,结果表明:农业有机废物和城市生活垃圾16S rDNA克隆文库中分别共有18个、21个OTUs,分别属于细菌域的14个、15个不同属,其18S rDNA克隆文库中分别共有8个、9个OTUs,分别属于细菌域的8个、9个不同属,推断农业有机废物堆体的优势菌为Bacillus megaterium、Rhizobium sp.、Phanerochaete chrysosporium、Penicillium sp.同属或同种的菌株;城市生活垃圾堆体的优势菌为Bacillus megaterium、Azospirillum sp.、Phanerochaete chrysosporium同种或同属的菌株。

Microbial diversity of composting of agriculture organic wastes （AOW） and municipal domestic waste（MDW） in the thermophilic（T） phase was analysed by Polymerase Chain Reaction（PCR） combined with constructing of clone library. The polymerase chain reaction-amplified 16S rDNA and 18S rDNA fragments with universal eubacterial primers（27F, 1495R） and fungal primers（EF4, Fung5） were subjected to constructing of clone library, and the results of clone library indicated： there were 18 OTUs and 21 OTUs in the 16S rDNA clone library of AOW and MDW composting sample, and they belonged to 14 and 15 different genuses respectively; in the 18S rDNA clone library of AOW and MDW composting sample, there were 80TUs and 90TUs, and they belonged to 8 and 9 different genuses respectively. The dominant microbes in the T phase of composting of AOW were related to Bacillus megaterium, Rhizobium sp., Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Penicillium sp., and the dominant microorganisms in the T phase of composting of MDW were related to Bacillus megaterium, Azospirillum sp. and Phanerochaete chrysosporium.