氮磷钾配施对白芨产量和多糖的影响

Effect of fertilizer application of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium on output and polysaccharides in Bletilla striata

目的探讨不同氮磷钾配比施肥处理对白芨产量和多糖的影响。方法通过大田试验,采用不同氮(N)、磷(P_2 O_5)、钾(K_2 O)配比施肥,考察施肥对白芨产量和多糖的影响。结果每公顷施N 180kg、P_2O_5105～157.5 kg、K_2O 45～135 kg能极显著提高白芨块茎中多糖的积累,而氮磷钾施用量过高或过低则不利于白芨多糖的积累;每公顷施N 90～180 kg、P_2O_5105～157.5 kg、K_2O 45～135 kg能明显提高白芨产量。结论在肥料3因素中,磷肥供应的多少对白芨块茎多糖的量影响最大,钾对多糖量的影响最小;氮磷钾对白芨蛋白质的量影响大小为钾素>磷素>氮素;氮肥对产量的影响最大,其次是磷肥,钾肥的供应对白芨产量的影响最小。

Objective To explore the effect of fertilizer application of nitrogen （N）, phosphorus （P2O5）, and potassium （K2O） on output and polysaccharides in Bletilla striata. Methods Using field test and fertilizer application of N, P2O5, and K2O, the effect on output and polysaccharides in B. striata was studied. Results The results showed that application of 180 kg N/hm2, 105--157.5 kg P2O5/hm2, and 45--135 kg K2O/hm2 could significantly enhance the accumulation of polysaccharides in B. striata tubers. However, too high or too low of N, P2O5, and K2O fertilizer was not conducive to the accumulation of poIysaccharides in B. striata tubers. The application of 90--180 kg N/hm2 , 105--157.5 kg P2O5/hm2, and 45--135 kg K2O/hm2 could evidently increase the output of B. striata. Conclusion Among the three fertilizers of N, P2O5, and K2 O, the effect of the application quantity of P2O5 fertilizer and K2O fertilizer on polysaccharides in B. striata tubers is the greatest and the smallest, respectively. The effect of N, P2O5, and K2O fertilizers on protein content of B. striata could decrease in the order of K2O〉 P2O5 〉 N. By contraries, the effect of N, P2O5, and K2O fertilizer on output of B. striata could be in the order of K2O 〈 P2O5〈 N.