缓冲结构对隧道口微气压波的影响

Influence of hood on micro-pressure wave

为有效缓解微气压波对隧道周围环境的影响,设置合理的缓冲结构,采用数值模拟计算和动模型模拟实验相结合的方法,对列车通过隧道引发的压力变化、微气压波和不同形式的缓冲结构进行研究。研究结果表明:对任一类型缓冲结构,其结构长度和入口断面积之间均存在固定的最佳匹配关系,即对断面扩大无开口型缓冲结构,当缓冲结构长度分别为1.0D,2.0D和3.0D(D为隧道等效直径)时,对应的最佳入口断面积分别为1.8S,1.9S和1.8S(S为隧道断面面积),微气压波幅值分别减小46.7%,55.3%和52.8%;对线性喇叭型缓冲结构,当缓冲结构长度分别为1.5D,2.0D和3.0D时,对应的最佳入口断面积分别为2.5S,2.4S和2.7S,微气压波幅值分别减小59.4%,64.2%和71.6%。

In order to alleviate the influence of micro-pressure wave on environment nearby tunnel and design the reasonable hoods,pressure change,micro-pressure wave and a series of hoods were studied using numerical simulation and moving model experiment.The results show that there is an optimal matching relationship between the length and the area for each kind of hood.For the enlarged transect windowless hood,when the length is 1.0D,2.0D and 3.0D（D is tunnel＇s diameter）,the corresponding most reasonable area is 1.8S,1.9S and 1.8S（S is tunnel＇s transverse area）,and the amplitude of the micro-pressure wave decreases by 46.7%,55.3%and 52.8%,respectively.For the horn hood,when the length is 1.5D,2.0D and 3.0D,the corresponding most reasonable area is 2.5S,2.4S and 2.7S,and the amplitude of the micro-pressure wave decreases by 59.4%,64.2%and 71.6%,respectively.