蓝细菌聚金作用实验研究

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF GOLD ENRICHING IN CYANOBACTERIA

蓝细菌聚金实验研究表明：①不同的生物由于生化组分的差异，其富金能力不同，低等蓝细菌生物比动物细胞富金能力强；②金在细胞中的分布与其各部分生化组成（也就是生物配体）密切相关；③金离子进入细胞不是一种简单的扩散作用，而是通过细胞膜界面两侧物质之间的交换而实现的，蓝细菌活体聚金机理主要是参与生命活动的吸收作用；④在较高温热水环境中微生物对成矿最显著。

The experimental studies of gold enrichment in cyanobacteria show that:(1) In the oxidized environment of organism living,the gold enriching mechanism of organism is probably absorption relating to physiological action.The ions of gold cann't jostle into biologic boundary (cell wall and membrane),and the absorption is finished by exchange of materials between the two sides of cell wall or cell membrane.The ions of gold do not simply spread in cell,and its distribution relates closely to the biochemical composition of the parts of cell.(2)The ions of gold cann't be stored up in the forms of crystal but organic ligands in cell,and the most important ligand is sulfur bearing organic compound.(3)Different organisms have different gold enrichment ability because of the discrepancy in their biochemical characteristics and their structures.The gold enrichment of the cynobacterial cell is stronger than animal cell,and the cyanobacteria in hot spring is stronger than in normal sea,and the spherical cyanobacteria is stronger than the filiform one.(4) The gold enrichment ability of organism also relates to the concentration of gold and temperature of the water enviroment,and the gold enrichment ability of organism (mainly cyanobacteria) becomes stronger in the gold solution of high concentration than in low concentration.Hot environment is favorable palce for gold enrichment of organism,and absorbed gold by organism in hot genitic rocks is easily remobilized to contribute to the metallogenesis.