引黄灌溉与黄河断流

THE IRRIGATION OF WATER DIVERTING FROM THE HUANGHE RIVER AND THE ABSENCE OF FLOW IN THE RIVER

引黄灌溉平均每年为黄河下游地区增产粮食４９．１×１０８ｋｇ；山东省引黄灌区粮食产量年增长速率为６．５％。黄河断流，若以两年一次的洛口—利津河段同时断流统计，则每年至少损失粮食１７．２１×１０８ｋｇ；平均每断流一天，直接经济损失达３９３０×１０４元。因此，研究、缓解黄河断流，保证、发展引黄灌溉，是黄河下游农业持续发展的关键。

The annual irrigation benefit of water diverting from the Huanghe River is 49 1×10 8 kg for grain in the lower reaches of the river. The annual rate of yield increasing for grain is 6 5 per cent in the irrigation regions of water diverting from the river in Shandong Province. The annual amount of yield decreasing is at least 17 21×10 8 kg for grain by the absence of flow in Luokou Lijin reach, the frequency of which is 46 2 per cent. The daily direct economic lose by the absence of flow is 3930×10 4 RMB yuan. Therefore, researching and decreasing the absence of flow in the river, securing and developing the irrigation of water diverting from the river, are keys for the agricultural sustainable development in the area.