第29届奥运会马拉松运动员速度分配特征的研究

On the Characteristics of Speed Distribution of Marathon Athletes in the 29^(th) Olympic Games

运用文献资料法、数理统计法、专家咨询等方法,对第29届北京奥运会马拉松决赛中1～8名运动员速度分配的曲线特征、速度曲线的阶段特征、段落速度百分率、各分段与总成绩相关关系等进行分析。结果表明:北京奥运会男女马拉松运动员的速度变化曲线图基本呈V型;马拉松运动员的速度变化率值都在3.3%～3.5%左右,保持高速度的匀速跑是马拉松速度分配重要特征;运动员个体之间不管成绩或名次相差多少,其各段落速度百分率具有相同的特征;男子运动员30km段及女子运动员40km段的成绩与总成绩成中度相关。

By means of literature review,statistics and consultation with specialists,the authors of this paper have studied the top eight marathon athletes in the 29th Olympic Games in Beijing and analyzed their curve characteristics of the speed distribution,the phase characteristics of the speed curve,the percentage of the phase speed and the correlation between the phases and the total score.The results show that the speed variation chart for the male and female marathon athletes shows a ＂V＂ curve;the rates of speed change are between 3 % ~ 3. 5 %, which indicates that maintaining high speed of level pace running is the major characteristic of marathon speed distribution ; the percentage of each phase speed has the same characteristics despite of the gap between the scores or the position of the individual athlete; the scores of male athletes;30 km phase and female athletes; 40 km phase are moderately correlated with the total score.