热蒸汽-NaOH法提取小球藻蛋白质的研究

Research on the Protein Extracted from Chlorella with the Method of Thermal Steam-NaOH

[目的]研究小球藻蛋白质的提取方法,优化热蒸汽-NaOH法提取小球藻蛋白质的最适工艺条件。[方法]采用热蒸汽与盐、碱液共同处理小球藻细胞,考察蒸汽压力、提取时间、固液比(藻粉∶水,g∶ml)、NaOH添加比(占藻粉量的百分比)对小球藻蛋白质提取率的影响。[结果]热蒸汽与碱液相结合更有利于小球藻蛋白质的溶出,且90%以上的小球藻蛋白可能为碱溶性蛋白,优化后的小球藻蛋白质的最适提取工艺条件为:NaOH添加比为20%,固液比为1∶50,提取时间为45min,蒸汽压力为0.075MPa,此条件下小球藻蛋白质提取率达到91.19%。[结论]热蒸汽与碱液共同处理小球藻细胞能明显提高小球藻蛋白质的提取率。

[ Objeetive] The process conditions of the protein extracted from ehlorella with the method of thermal steam-NaOH were optimized through the study on its extraction method. [ Method] The effect of the steam pressure, extraction time, ratio of solid-liquid（ algae powder-water） and amount of adding NaOH（ the percentage in algae powder） on the rate of protein extracted from chlorella was experimented after the chlorella ceils were treated with thermal steam and solution of salt or alkali together. [ Results] The results showed that the combing treatment of thermal steam and alkali solution was more conducive to the dissolution of chlorella protein and more than 90% of chlorella protein may be alkali-soluble protein. The best extraction condition of optimized chlorella protein was ： the amount of adding NaOH, 20% ; the ratio of solidliquid, 1 ： 50 ; the extraction time, 45 minutes and the steam pressure, 0. 075 MPa ; under which condition, the rate of protein extracted from chlorella was 91.19%. [ Conclusion] The combing treatment of thermal steam and alkali solution could significantly increase the rate of protein extraction from chlorella cells.