根芹优异种质资源的收集评价与筛选

Collection and Evaluation and Selection on Excellent Germplasm Resource of Celeriac

[目的]筛选适宜在我国北方地区种植的根芹品种。[方法]对北京蔬菜研究中心收集的15份根芹种质资源的主要田间性状进行了比较,并对根芹的特征特性、生长特点、栽培技术等进行了简要介绍。[结果]15份根芹资源的共同特点为:茎短缩型(抽薹前),平叶,叶扇形,叶面平滑无刺毛,叶缘有深锯齿等;7010056、7010059、7010099根芹个体较小,其他根芹品种的单根重均在200～400g,7010197、7010061、7010096、7010100品种综合性状优良,适宜在北方地区推广种植;中早熟根芹品种的适宜定植密度为75000～90000株/hm2,晚熟品种的适宜定植密度为60000株/hm2,缓苗后应加强水肥管理;根芹根部膨大过程中,适宜温度为白天15～20℃,夜间5～8℃。[结论]根芹品种7010197、7010061、7010096、7010100适宜在北方地区种植。

[ Objective ] The study was to select the celeriac variety that suitable for growing in north China. [ Method ] The main field characters of 15 celeriac germplasm resources selected by Beijing research center for vegetable were compared, and their characteristics, growth characters, cultivation technique etc were briefly introduced. [ Result] 15 celeriac germplasm resources all had coactus stem （before bolting）, flat and sector leaf with smooth leaf surface （ without bristle ） and deep sawtootb at leaf margin etc. The individual of celeriac varieties 7010056, 7010059 and 7010099 were small, and the single root weight of other varieties was 200 -400 g. The comprehensive characters of 7010197, 7010061, 7010096 and 7010100 were good, so they were suitable for growing in north China. The suitable colonization density of middle early varieties was 75 000 - 90 000 plants/hm^2, and that of late varieties was 60 000 plants/hm^2, and water and fertilizer management should be strengthened after seedling recovering. The suitable temperature for celeriac in its root-expansion process was 15 -20 ℃ in daytime, and 5 -8 ℃ at night. [ Conclusion ] Celeriac varieties 7010197, 7010061, 7010096 and 7010100 were suitable for growing in north China.