应用人工湿地技术处理城镇生活污水工艺设计研究

Process Design of Constructed Wetlands for Domestic Wastewater Treatment in Small Town

[目的]介绍应用人工湿地技术处理500人居住的小城镇的生活污水的工艺设计。[方法]包括人工湿地的面积、基质和植物等的设计。设计中湿地的长度为34.3m,宽为26.6m。将页岩和粗砾石的组合填料作为湿地的基质,湿地植物为1/3芦苇和2/3茭草组合植物系统。[结果]该设计工程造价总费用为10.305万元,为传统工艺的10%～50%。[结论]与其他直接利用人工湿地去除污水的工艺相比,该设计利用厌氧池对预处理的污水进行二级处理,使较低浓度的废水流进人工湿地,最后经处理后的废水可用于农田灌溉,实现了废水的回收再利用。

[ Objective ] The aim of the article was to design a subsurface wetland system for domestic wastewater from a small city town with five 500 inhabitants. [ Method] The essay referred to the design of constructed wetlands, such as area, substrate and vegetations. The length of the system is 34.3 m, and the width is 26.6 m. And the combination of shale and rough grave is selected as the packing for pollutant removal. 1/3 reed and 2/3 Indian rice are selected as the wetland plants. [ Result] The total cost of the design is 10. 305 × 10^4 yuan, which was the 10% -50% of traditional design. [ Conclusion ] To compare with other process design which directly apply constructed wetland to treat wastewater, anaerobic biological filter tank is used as secondary treatment to remove the pollutants from the pre-treatment of sewage in the design. Finally, the effluent is the source of irrigation, which realizes the reuse of wastewater.