胰腺头部血管的配布关系及临床意义

Matching and Distribution Relation of Pancreatic Head Blood Vessels and Clinical Significance

目的通过对胰腺头部各血管的解剖,熟悉和掌握这些血管的来源、走行及相互之间的配布关系,为临床手术提供参考。方法解剖20具成人尸体标本,对胰腺头部各血管进行解剖观测,并使用统计软件处理数据。结果(1)胰头前、后动脉弓及其构成血管的出现率非常恒定,此二弓向十二指肠发出多条分支,成为胰头及十二指肠血供的主要来源。(2)十二指肠乳头动脉:为后动脉弓发出的一条二级分支。(3)钩突动脉:为胰背动脉右支的1条下降支,在胰头内与前、后动脉弓的分支形成吻合。(4)胰后段肠系膜上静脉及门静脉的长度明显长于胰颈的宽度。结论掌握胰腺头部血管的配布关系,正确判断胰腺的切除范围,是避免各种并发症的关键。

Objective To familiarize and grasp the vascular orion, course and their matching and distribution by anatomy of the pancreatic head blood vessels in an attempt to offer a reference for clinical surgery. Methods We observed and measured the blood vessels of the pancreas head in 20 adult cadaver specimens and processed the data with statistics soft related. Results 1.The probability of the anterior and posterior artery arches and their composed arteries in the head of pancreas was in a eternal state. The two arches issued many branches to the duodenum,developing the main blood supply to the pancreas head and duodenum. 2.Duodenal papilla artery：it was a secondary branch from the posterior artery arch. 3.Uncinate process artery：its blooding supply came from a descending branch（uncinate process）of the dorsal pancreatic artery right branch, inosculating with many branches of the anterior and posterior artery arches in the pancreas head. 4.The length of the superior mesenteric vein and hepatic portal vein in the rear of pancreas was much longer than width of the pancreas neck. Conclusion The matching and distribution relation of the blood vessels of the pancreas head should be mastered and the right judgment of the removal scope of the pancreas is the key to avoid complications.