佛山市小儿麻疹110例临床分析及防治对策

The Clinical Analysis and Control Strategies of 110 Measles of Children in Foshan

目的分析佛山市小儿麻疹的临床特征和流行病学特征,探讨防治对策。方法对2003年2月～2007年5月在我院收治的110例麻疹患儿的临床及流行病学特点进行分析。结果全部患儿均是8岁以下儿童,未到初免年龄(8月龄)病例占23.6%;流动人口仍是发病的主要人群;男女比例为2.14∶1,性别差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);有预防接种史者占15.5%,无预防接种史者占50%,接种史不祥者占34.5%。发病季节以春夏季为主,发病高峰时间延长。结论控制小儿麻疹的防治对策包括:提高接种疫苗的成功率,将麻疹疫苗初种时间提前,加强流动人口儿童的计划免疫,在麻疹发病率明显上升时对8个月～14岁儿童进行疫苗复种,对育龄妇女在孕前进行麻疹疫苗接种。

Objective To study the clinical features and the epidemiological characteristics of measles of children in Foshan and to discuss the control strategy. Methods The investigator analyzed retrospectively the data of 110 patients with measles in our hospital were collected from February 2003 to may 2007. Results All patients were under 8 old years, non-immunized individuals of measles of infants （under 8 months）was 23.6%. Most of the infected patients were the mobile population. The rate of boys and girls was 2.14 ： 1 and it was remarkably different（P〈0.05 ）. It was found that the incidence of measles among the patients with measles vaccination was 15.5%. Meanwhile the incidence of measles among the patients without measles vaccination was 50%. 34.5% of the patients were not sure whether they had measles vaccination or not. The prevalence seasons of measles mainly were spring and summer. Conclusion The control strategies to control measles in children include ： To increase the successful rate of vaccination; In advance the time of primary measles vaccination ; To strengthen the planned immunity for children in mobile population;To revaccinate vaccine for the children between 8-month-old and 14-year-old when the incidence rate of measles increasing obviously, To carryout measles vaccination to women of child-bearing age before pregnant.