BMSCs复合PRP修复牙种植体周围骨缺损的实验研究

Experimental Study on Restoration of Bone Defects around Dental Implants by the Combination of BMSCs and PRP

目的:探讨骨髓基质细胞(bone marrow stromal cells,BMSCs)复合富血小板血浆(platelet-rich plasma,PRP)修复牙种植体周围骨缺损的可行性。方法:拔除6只Beagle犬双侧下颌8颗前磨牙,术后1个月抽取犬骨髓,采用全骨髓贴壁法培养BMSCs,并向成骨细胞诱导,将BMSCs与PRP、β-磷酸三钙(β-tricalcium phosphate,β-TCP)分别复合形成组织工程化复合物。术后2个月,在实验犬每侧下颌缺牙区分别植入BLB4mm×11mm种植体4颗,同时在每个种植体的近中制造4mm×4mm×5mm大小的骨缺损,分别植入BMSCs-PRP复合凝胶、自体骨、BMSCs-β-TCP复合物以及空白对照,分别于种植术后4、8、12周各处死2只犬,行大体、环境扫描电镜及组织学检查,观察各个时期各组骨缺损区的成骨情况以及新生骨与种植体间骨结合情况。结果:3个实验组在术后4、8、12周均有不同程度的骨组织再生,而空白对照组只有少量骨组织再生。各个时期内扫描电镜观察显示BMSCs-PRP组新生骨与种植体间的骨结合较其他三组多。结论:BMSCs-PRP复合凝胶是一种良好的骨修复材料,具有促进新骨形成及种植体骨结合的效应。

Objective： To investigate the feasibility of bone marrow stromal cells combined with platelet-rich plasma in the repair of bone defects around dental implants. Methods： 6 Beagle dogs each extracted 8 premolars from both side of mandible were used in this study. One month after extraction, dog bone marrow was obtained and BMSCs cultured. A tissue engineering compound composed of BMSCs, PRP and β-TCP were prepared. Two months after extraction, 4 BLB 4 mm×11 mm implants were separately implanted in each side of the mandibule. At the same time, a 4 mm×4 mm×5 mm size bone defect were created in the mesial aspect of each implant. 4 kinds of substitutes were grafted in the bone defects： BMSCs-PRP composite gel, autogenous bone, BMSCs-β-TCP compounds and blank control. Every 2 dogs were sacrificed at 4, 8 and 12 weeks after the implantation, and gross observation, environmental scanning electron microscopy （ESEM）, histopath01ogy were examined. Results： Various amount of new bone formation appeared in bone defects grafted by 1, 2, 3 kind of substitutes, but in blank control bone trabeculae were scanty. By ESEM observation, BMSCs-PRP induced a higher osteointegration between new bone and implant than 3 other bone substitutes. Conclusion： BMSCs-PRP composite gel is a better bone repair material with the promotion of new bone formation and the effect of implant osseointegration.