FCC汽油催化裂解生产低碳烯烃的研究

Catalytic pyrolysis of fluid catalytic cracking gasoline for the production of light olefins

利用小型固定流化床实验装置研究了催化裂化(FCC)汽油在专门开发的多产低碳烯烃催化剂上的裂解性能。研究表明,反应温度对原料转化率、总低碳烯烃产率的影响最大,剂油比和水油比对低碳烯烃的产率影响较小,而随着重时空速的增大,总低碳烯烃产率略有降低;确定了FCC汽油催化裂解制低碳烯烃的实验室最优反应条件,即反应温度、剂油比、重时空速和水油比分别为660℃、12、15 h-1和0.8。根据反应条件与裂解产物的关系提出了催化裂解反应深度函数,并建立裂解产物产率与催化裂解反应深度函数之间的关联模型。随催化裂解反应深度函数的增加,乙烯产率持续增加,而丙烯和丁烯产率出现最大值,利用此模型可以对产物产率进行预测。

The catalytic pyrolysis of FCC gasoline was investigated in a confined fluidized bed reactor with a specially developed catalyst to maximize the production of light olefins. The experimental results show that the reaction temperature is a key factor to the conversion and the total light olefins yield. The yields of total light olefins vary a little with the increase of catalyst-to-oil weight ratio and steam-to-oil weight ratio. As the weight hourly space velocity goes up, the yield of total light olefins decreases slightly. The optimal reaction conditions were determined for the catalytic pyrolysis of FCC gasoline, and the optimal reaction temperature, catalyst-to-oil weight ratio, weight hourly space velocity and steam-to-oil weight ratio are 660℃, 12, 15h^-1 and 0.8, respectively. A reaction extent function of hydrocarbon catalytic pyrolysis was proposed on the basis of the relationship between the operating parameters and the product yields, and a correlation model of the product yields with the reaction extent function was established. As the value of the reaction extent function increases, the yield of ethylene keeps increasing, while the yields of propylene and total light olefins have their maximum.