基牙及义齿支持形式对套筒冠义齿修复效果影响

Effect of Abutments,and Denture Support Forms on the Prosthetic Outcome of Telescope Dentures

目的：了解基牙条件、数目及义齿支持形式对套筒冠义齿修复效果的影响。方法：对38例戴用圆锥形套筒冠义齿病例的基牙状况、数目、基牙牙冠、牙周情况、义齿支持形式及修复体等情况进行临床调查,并对结果进行统计分析。结果：基牙牙折多发生在1-2颗基牙或多基牙的末端游离侧,3个以上基牙折断明显减少。牙折多见于前牙和双尖牙,以双尖牙多见,且折断均发生在末端游离侧基牙邻近缺隙区。末端游离缺损病例基牙牙折和基托折裂发生率高于非末端游离者。残根残冠修复基牙牙折发生率高于牙周炎和少数余留牙基牙（P〈0.05）。混合固位体组牙折发生率高于套筒冠固位体组（P〈0.05）。结论：套筒冠义齿基牙尽量选择两颗或以上,且分布于牙弓两侧。对于前牙和双尖牙基牙,需减小基牙的受力。

Objective： To evaluate the effect of the condition of abutments and the denture support forms on the outcome of telescope dentures. Methods ： 38 cases restored with telescope dentures were included. The clinical investigation for the condition of abutments, such as the number, the crowns and the periodontal condition of the abutments, the denture support forms and the dental prosthesises were conducted and the results were statistically analysed with Fisher＇s Exact Test. Resuits： Most abutment fractures occurred in the cases of free - end arches with 1 - 2 abutments than those with 3 or more than 3 abutments. Abutment fractures mostly occurred in anterior teeth and premolars closed to free - end edentulous aeras, especially for premolars. Both abutment fractures and base plate fractures occurred in the cases of free - end arches more than those of non - free - end arches. As abutments, the falling post - core - crown of the residual root and residual crown fractures were more than those with periodontitis or with a small number of abuments （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion ： For telescope dentures, at least 2 abutments on both sides of the arch should be chosen.