中学生乙型肝炎表面抗原及表面抗体检测分析

Anellysis on HBsAg and anti-HBs detection in middle school students

目的了解汕头市潮阳区中学生HBsAg和抗．HBs的阳性率情况，为在校内开展有效的免疫干预工作提供科学依据。方法采用胶体金快速诊断试剂检测HBsAg、抗-HBs。结果共检测33170名中学生，HBsAg总阳性率5．68％，抗-HBs总阳性率13．43％。男生HBsAg阳性率（5．80％）与女生HBsAg阳性率（5．54％）差异无统计学意义（x^2=0．93，P〉0．05）；城区学生HBsAg阳性率为5．22％，明显低于农村学生的6．14％（x^2=12．76，P〈0．05）；初中生HBsAg阳性率为5．29％，低于高中生的6．08％（X^2=9．53，P＜0．05）。男生抗-HBs阳性率为13．6％，女生抗．HBs阳性率为13．2％，差异无统计学意义（X^2=0．82，P〉0．05）；城区学生抗。HBs阳性率为18．18％，高于农村学生的8．75％（X^2=633．42，P〈0．05）；高中生的抗。HBs阳性率为15．17％，高于初中生的11．69％（X^2=85．94，P〈0．05）。结论该区中学生HBV感染属低流行强度，提高未感染人群的乙型肝炎疫苗基础免疫和加强免疫是预防控制工作的重点。不同地区与不同年级的学生HBsAg与抗-HBs的阳性率差异有统计学意义，因此，应有针对性地开展免疫接种。

Objective To investigete the situation of HBsAg and anti-HBs positive rates of middle school students in Chaoyang district, and to provide the basis for the hepatitis B vaccine immunity in school. Methods Colloid gold fast diagnosis reagent was applied to detect HBsAg and anti-HBs. Results 33 170 students were investigated. The total HBsAg-postitive rate was 5.68% ;the total anti-HBs postitive rate was 13.43%. The HBsAg-postitive rate in boys was 5.80% ;the HBsAg-postitive rate in girls was 5.54%, the HBsAg-postitive rate from different gender of students was no statistical difference（ X^2= 0.93, P 〉 0.05）. HBsAg-positive rate in city students （5.22%） was significantly lower than that in rural students（6.14% ）, and there was statistical difference（x^2 = 12.76, P 〈 0.05 ）. HBsAg positive rate of junior high school students（5.29%） was less than that in high school students（6.08%）, there was statistical difference（ X^2=9.53, P 〈 0.05）. There was no significant difference in anti-HBs posfitive rate between the boy （ 13.6% ）and girls（ 13.2% ） （ x^2 = 0.82, P 〉 0.05） . anti-HBs-positive rate（ 18.18% ） in city student was higher than in rural students（8.75% ）, there was statistical difference（ X^2 = 633.42, P 〈 0.05） ; anti-HBs positive rate in high school （15.17 % ） was up to junior high school （11.69 % ）（ x^2 =- 85.94, P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions HBV infeetion in middle school students in this area is low popular intensity, however, the hepatits B vaccine basis immunity and strengthening immunity is the key point, especially for the non-infected people. There are statistial difference in the positive rates of HBsAg and anti-HBs between the different area and grade, the vaccine immunity should be set under program.