358例麻疹分析

Analysis for 358 cases of measles

目的对商丘市2008年1-12月儿童麻疹流行和临床特征进行分析，为进一步预防和控制麻疹提供依据。方法对358例病例（其中256例住院病例）进行流行病学分析。结果358例患儿中，1岁以内婴儿216例，占60．34％，其中仅有39例接受免疫接种。发病时间分布全年，以2—7月份最多，有289例，占80．73％。256例住院患儿临床上仍以典型麻疹为主要表现，麻疹合并肺炎179例，占69．92％，其中139例为小于1岁婴儿，占77．65％，3例少见并发症为合并纵膈及皮下气肿。结论麻疹全年均可发病，多数患儿未接种麻疹疫苗是麻疹高发的一个原因。肺炎仍是儿童麻疹的常见并发症，少见并发症为纵膈及皮下气肿。

Objective To analyze the measles epidemic and clinical characters of child cases in Shangqiu city from January to December 2008, and to provides the basis for the disease prevention and control. Methods Through epidemiological analysis, the clinical features of 358 children measles cases（including 256 cases of in-patients） were elucidted. Results In the total 358 cases, 216 cases were below 1-year-old which accounted for 60.34%, and only 39 patients were vaccinated. The cases occurred in the whole year, but more cases（289 cases） occured in February to July, which accounted for 80.73%. The clinical manifestation were typical, there were 179 cases of complicated pneumonia （69.92%）and 77.65% （139/179） cases below 1 years old suffered from complicated pnemnonia, 3 cases suffered from merge mediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema. Conclusions The measles occur in all the seasons, most patients haven＇ t been vaccinated, and it may be one of the reasons for the disease happening. Pneumonia is a common complication for the child measles, the mediastinum and the subcutaneous emphysema is rare.