理想化模式与历史学研究

A probe into the ideal model and research of history

以计量史学和数理史学为代表的科学主义史学,虽不失为可贵之探索,但因其颇多偏失,而迭遭质疑。我们不能因噎废食,进而简单地对历史研究科学化加以否弃,而应该适时地调整研究路径,积极而主动地适应历史学未来发展的需要。有鉴于此,笔者提出理想史学研究模式。理想史学由理想状态和理想实验两部分组成。理想状态是与经验现实相对而言的纯粹形态,理想实验是与直观测量相对而言的思维实验。科学之本质在于理想化,精确化、数学化、实验化,仅是理想化之不同层次的外烁扩延。

The scientization of modern western history which may find praises in measuring history, mathematical history and physical history are blamed for the blind application of law and incorrect research methods. This paper tries to open up an ideal mode of a completely new method of scientization history. It will greatly simplify the research process and make it easy for the researchers and is bound to launch a new revolution in the field of historical philosophy.