韩国汉语中高级水平学生语法偏误分析

Grammatical Error Analysis:Case of Korean Learners at Higher and Middle Level of Chinese

通过分析从韩国大学研究生作业中收集到的中高级汉语学习者的语法偏误,可以归纳出"了"的使用、补语、副词、助动词、介词、某些汉语中特殊的句式、语序以及不及物动词带宾语等8类常见的语法偏误。造成这些语法偏误主要有三方面的原因:一是语言类型差异和学习中的负迁移现象使然;二是学生不熟悉汉语某些特殊的句法规则;三是教师讲解时的误导或疏于解释。为了提高学生学习汉语的效率,建议教师运用三种教学策略:对于相关语法点采用分散教学与集中教学相结合的方法,辅之以必要的练习突破难点,把语法、词汇与功能结合起来进行教学。

The paper summarizes eight kinds of common grammatical errors from the compositions of Korean Learners of Chinese at higher and middle levels, including errors of Le （了）, complement, adverb, auxiliary, preposition, some special sentences , intransitive verb with objects, and word order. There are three main reasons： （i） the differences between lan- guages types and negative transference; （ii） the students＇ unfamiliarity with some syntactical rules;（iii） teachers＇ misleading. The paper proposes three teaching strategies： grammatical points should be taught separately and summarized at certain stage; necessary exercises are demanded for the difficult points; and grammar, lexis and functions should be covered at the same time.