人与自然和谐相处--中国水资源问题及对策

LIVING WITH NATURE IN HARMONY:WATER RESOURCES PROBLEM AND COUNTERMEASURES IN CHINA

水是生命之源,人类的生存和发展都离不开水.本文阐述了人类历史发展进程中人与自然关系经历的四个阶段,得出我国现代水利的核心理念——人与自然和谐相处,在分析了我国水资源的特点和面临的挑战之后,提出了破解我国水资源问题的方法.文中提出人与自然关系发展的四个阶段(依存、开发、掠夺、和谐)是一种否定之否定、螺旋式上升的过程.文章分析认为我国水资源面临洪涝灾害频发、水资源短缺制约经济社会发展、水土流失严重生态环境恶化、水污染尚未得到有效控制四大问题的挑战.最后文章按照科学发展观,坚持人与自然和谐相处的核心理念,分别从给洪水以出路、建立高效节水型社会、发挥大自然自我修复能力、发展绿色经济严格排污权管理四个方面针对面临的四大问题提出破解我国水资源问题的方法.

Water is the source of life. The existence and development of humankind all depend on water. The four stages of relationship between human and nature in human history are presented in this paper. Core modern concept for conservation of water resources in China is obtained, i. e. , harmony between man and nature. After analysis of characteristics and challenges for water resources in China, some solutions are proposed. The four stages of relationship between man and nature （development, exploitation, depredation, harmony） are a spirally-rising process with the feature of negation. The four challenges faced by water resources are frequent flood and water logging, shortage of water resources restricting economic and social development, severe soil and water loss and ecological environment deterioration, and inefficient attention to water resources contamination. According to the scientific concept of development and the core of harmony, solutions are proposed, mainly including giving ways to flood, establishing high efficiency water saving society, exerting self-repair capability for nature, developing green economy and strict pollution control.