平原河网地区农业非点源污染负荷估算方法综述

ESTIMATION METHODS OF AGRICULTURAL NON-POINT SOURCE POLLUTION IN PLAIN RIVER NETWORK AREA:A REVIEW

通过比较现有几种主要的非点源污染估算方法及其适用条件,讨论了不同方法用于平原河网地区非点源负荷估算时的优缺点,提出将平原河网地区非点源污染的估算分为产生量和入河量两部分,按照农田径流、畜禽养殖、农村生活分别计算产生量,然后通过现场调查和野外实验估算入河系数和入河量,是一种适合平原河网地区农业非点源负荷的估算方法.

River network area in plains is different from that in mountainous and hilly areas, where runoff yield and runoff concentration are complex and full of uncertainty. Consequently it is difficult to apply model for non-point source （NPS） pollution so that estimation of NPS loads of such area is more difficult. By comparing major estimation methods of non-point source pollution and their application conditions, the advantages and disadvantages with these methods in plain areas are discussed. It is proposed that estimation of non-point source pollution loads in the plain network area be divided into two parts, i. e. , generation load and load into the river, and the generation loads be estimated according to different sources of agricultural runoff, livestock and poultry breeding and rural life respectively. The ratios of loads into river from different non-point pollution sources are formulated and estimated depending on data of field investigation and experiments, and loads into the river can be estimated as product of generation loads and ratio of loads into the river. It is a suitable method to estimate non-point source pollution loads in plain river network area.