职业教育供给:在政府与市场之间的选择

Provision of Technical and Vocational Education:the Choice between Government and Market

从"大职教观"的视角,主要利用公共产品理论,以政府与市场的关系为主线,分析了职业教育产品属性的类型差异。指出政府提供的职业教育纯公共产品总量严重不足,供给也不平衡;政府垄断职业教育公共产品的供给,提供者和生产者合二为一;政府对职业教育共用资源供给投入不足,未能建立起市场机制;职业教育俱乐部产品供给没有引起足够的重视,现状不容乐观;职业教育私人产品供给管理混乱,政策法规缺位,品牌意识差。这主要是因为政府和市场的关系处理不当所致。提出建立健全逐步加大公共财政投入职业教育的制度;大胆探索职业教育公共产品供给的市场运行机制;唤起企业的重视,扩大职业教育俱乐部产品供给;加强管理,重构职业教育私人产品供给管理制度。

From the perspective of ＂Macro TVET Conception＂, based on the theory of public products, with the relationship of the government and market being the mainline, the paper probes into the difference in types of properties of TVET products. It indicates that the governments＇ overall provision of pure public products is seriously insufficient and unbalanced; the governments monopolize the supplies of TVET public products, which means the providers and the producers combine; the governments＇ input of TVET shared resources is insufficient and the market-based mechanism has not been built; the input of TVET ＂club＂ products has not aroused much attention and the present situation is not optimistic, and TVET private product supplies management is of confusion, with relevant policies and regulations missing and brand consciousness lacking. The reason is that the relationship between government and market is not well dealt with. The author proposes that the system of TVET public financial investment should be grad- ually built and improved; the market mechanism for TVET public product supplies should be boldly explored; it is important to arouse the industries＇ attention, to expand the provision of TVET ＂club＂ product supplies, to strengthen the management of the system of TVET private product supplies and to reconstruct the system.