再论“绿洲”

Rethinking of Oasis

目前,学术界对绿洲是什么,给出了许多答案,因而使绿洲的研究陷入分散和止步不前的境地。绿洲的概念和定义是绿洲研究的基本问题,应该首先回答:绿洲是什么物体;绿洲是怎样形成的;绿洲是依靠什么生存和发展演化的三个科学问题。系统论和发生学的观点认为,绿洲是人工生物群落;绿洲是干旱气候条件下特有的,由人为建造的植物群落,或称特有的地理景观;绿洲是依靠人的能力和需求而生存和发展的。

Currently,there are many concepts about oasis in academia,thus the study on oasis is decentralized and made no headway.The concept and definition of oasis are the fundamental issues in studying oasis,and it needs to obtain three scientific solutions,which include what the oasis are,how the oasis form,and what the oasis rely on for existence,development and evolution.In system theory and genesis,it is considered that oasis are the artificial biological communities;oasis are the peculiar artificial plant communities under arid climatic conditions, or they are called the＂peculiar geographical landscapes＂;the existence and development of oasis rely on the human ability and requirements.The existing oasis can be continuously stabilized,and where the productivity can be continuously increased along with the continuous increase of human being＇s requirements and the continuous development of scientific knowledge,technology,cultural accomplishment,economic conditions,etc.Moreover,the new oasis can be continuously built,enlarged and developed in the arid regions where the biological productivity is low.