关于中国1:100万数字地貌制图若干问题的讨论

Discussion on Some Issues about the 1:1000000 Digital Geomorphologic Mapping in China

讨论近年"中国1:100万数字地貌制图"工作中存在的一些问题,认为该工作在分类方案和技术流程上尚存在可改进之处,尤其是对"山地的完整性"的解释和规范,容易产生编图操作困难、图斑界线勾画随意性增大以及编图结果有可能与实际背离的问题。主要分析了地貌类型(单元)完整性与地貌实体(单元)完整性的区别,划分地貌类型时应如何考虑海拔高度与地形起伏度,低、中、高山概念的局限和不适用,复合型成因类型中现代地貌过程的表示等问题。强调指出,地貌图的制图对象是地貌类型而不是地貌实体,有关"保持山地完整性"的规定是不适用的。同时,还在现有地貌分类方案基础上给出了一个改进方案。

In 2005,a scientific research project,1：1 000 000 Digital Geomorphologic Mapping of China,was initiated by the State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences.So far,many delightful research achievements of the project have been achieved.However,there are still some problems in the landform classification system and the technological flow.In which the most important one is the over-emphasis on the integrality of mountains,and this often makes the mapping process very difficult and even some errors be resulted in.This paper discusses these problems and gives some solutions.It expatiates on the differences between the integrality of geomorphologic types and the integrality of geomorphologic bodies and how to consider the elevations and relief amplitude classes aptly when partitioning the geomorphologic types,the limitation and inapplicability in the concept of low mountains,mid mountains and alpine zones,and how to denote the compound genetic types and modem geomorphologic processes.It is emphasized that the objects of geomorphic mapping are the geomorphologic types rather than the geomorphologic bodies,and the rules for keeping the integrality of mountains are illogical and inapplicable. In addition,an alternative scheme is proposed based on the present classification system of landforms.