艾滋病健康知识教育对收容教育女性艾滋病乐观偏差的效果评价及启示

The Evaluation and Revelation of AIDS/HIV Health Education——An Effect Evaluation of Optimistic Bias of Female AIDS/HIV Carriers before and after the Health Education in Penitentiary and Relevant Ethical Countermeasure

目的考察艾滋病健康知识教育前后被收容教育女性对艾滋病乐观偏差的特点及其对艾滋病乐观偏差的差异。方法用艾滋病事件量表、艾滋病知识量表对温州市收容教育所59名女性收容教育者进行研究。结果收容教育女性同时存在艾滋病I型乐观偏差和Ⅱ型乐观偏差;收容教育女性在健康知识教育后对艾滋病知识的掌握水平显著提高,健康知识教育可以显著降低他们对治愈艾滋病的乐观偏差。结论艾滋病健康知识教育可从认知上改变收容教育女性对艾滋病的态度,有效降低他们对治愈艾滋病的乐观偏差,减少其对"即使感染了艾滋病,自己也会比别人容易治愈"的不合理想法。

Objectives： This study aimed to evaluate the effect of optimistic bias of female AIDS/H1V carriers before and after the health education in penitentiary. Methods： Two questionnaires including AIDS Events Questionnaires and AIDS Knowledge Scale are conducted among 57 female AIDS/HIV carriers after receiving health education in penitentiary. Results： Female AIDS/HIV carriers from the penitentiary had both type I and type H optimistic bias of AIDS/HIV; Female AIDS/HIV carriers from the penitentiary acquired significantly more knowledge after receiving health education, the health education of AIDS/HIV had significantly reduced the optimistic bias to AIDS/HIV. Conclusion： Health education of AIDS/HIV had notably changed the cognitive ability and reduced optimistic bias to AIDS/HIV of female AIDS/HIV carriers from the penitentiary, therefore effectively corrected their irrational ideas of AIDS/HIV.