血管新生在实验性动脉粥样硬化斑块中的地位与评价

The Role of Angiogenesis in the Rabbit Atherosclerotic Plaque

目的通过利用复合因素制备兔主动脉粥样硬化模型,观察血管新生在实验性动脉粥样硬化斑块中所起的作用。方法随机将24只日本大耳白兔分为对照组(8只)和实验组(16只),对照组予普通饲料,实验组用大剂量高脂饲料饲喂加以免疫损伤和球囊拉伤因素饲养10周,检测血清MCP-1、TNF-α、IL-1、CRP含量;主动脉切片进行病理形态学观察,测量PA/IA、IT、IHI、FT/IMT等;免疫组化观察斑块内CD31、VEGF表达,PCR测定动脉壁VEGFmRNA相对表达量。对炎症因子、CD31、VEGFmRNA、IHI之间进行相关性分析。结果实验组炎症因子水平较对照组显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01);主动脉斑块形成,有典型"纤维帽",PA/IA、IT、IHI明显升高(P<0.01);主动脉斑块区CD31、VEGF表达明显增加;VEGFmRNA相对表达水平增高。并且VEGFmRNA表达与TNF-α、IHI、IT/MT呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论动脉粥样硬化斑块中有大量血管新生,其对AS斑块有重要影响作用,且血管新生可能与VEGFmRNA的高表达有关。

Objective To establish an empirical method on the rabbit atherosclerotic plaque model by complex factors.Methods Japanese great ear albino rabbit were randomly divided into control group（8 animals） and experiment group（16 animals）.Control group was fed with common animal diet,experiment group was fed with high fatty forage and injected with the bovine serum albumin fraction Ⅴ and their aortas were injured by balloon.After ten weeks,all the rabbits were sacrificed.Then,the serum MCP-1,TNF-α,IL-1 were measured,and the morphological characters of pathological changes of the carotids were observed,and thickening degree and area of the aorta endomembrane was measured.Result Compared with the normal control group,the serum MCP-1,TNF-α,IL-1,CRP,IT,IT/MT,IHI levels of experiment group stepped up significantly（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01） and rabbit atherosclerotic plaque with typical fibrous caps were formed.Besides,in model group there were correlation between VEGF mRNA and TNF-α、IHI、IT/MT（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The method of complex factors to establish model（high cholesterol diet,immunity harm and artery balloon injury）,can be accurately controlled and easily repeated,and can induct rabbit atherosclerosis in a short time.