中美石油安全态势与环境比较分析

Comparative Analysis of the Chinese and American Petroleum Security Situation and Environment

中美石油安全表象层面有很多相似性——美国和中国作为当今世界石油消费大国,国内石油供求态势的矛盾日益加大,石油对外依存度居高不下。中美两国保障石油安全的基础条件存在巨大的实质性差异,这主要体现在各自的石油经济构成要素、石油市场竞争主体、能源消费结构方面。中美两国石油安全所处的石油经济和地缘政治环境也有很大的差异——美国已建立石油安全国际战略体系,而中国寻求石油安全的国际环境却不宽松,在国际市场上进行油气资源勘探开发的空间受到挤压,面临着与周边油气消费大国的激烈竞争,参与全球油气资源的竞争频频受到误解甚至指责。中美两国在能源领域开展合作乃大势所趋,中国应妥善处理与美国的石油利益关系,实现与美国能源合作的互利共赢。

On the surface,Chinese and US energy security have much in common.Both countries are large consumers of petroleum,both are experiencing an increasing imbalance between domestic supply and demand,and both have a heavy dependance on foreign oil.However,the fundamental conditions for energy security in the two countries are substantially different.This is reflected by differences in: composition of the oil market,competitition in the oil market and consumption patterns.There is also a marked contrast in the market conditions and geopolitical environment faced by each country. The US has already established an international strategic system for energy security,but the Chinese search for energy security is taking place in a tense international environment.Chinese exploration and oil field development is subject to much competition. China is faced with intense competition from the other large oil consumers in the region,and its competitive efforts have repeatedly been met with misunderstanding and criticism.As the general trend of Chinese and American energy development indicates,China must develop a beneficial relationship with the United States in this field for the benefit of both nations.