2Elbadawi A,Yalla SV,Resnick NM.Structural basis of geriatric voiding dysfunction.J Urol,1993,150:1650-1656.
3Elbadawi A.Ultrastructure of vesicourethral innervation.Ⅰ.Neuroeffector and cell junctions in the male internal sphincter.J Urol,1982,128:180-188.
4Inui E,Ochiai A,Naya Y,et al.Comparative morphometric study of bladder detrusor between patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and controls.J Urol,1999,161:827-830.
5Damaser MS,Lehman SL.The effect of urinary bladder shape on its mechanics during filling.J Biomech,1995,28:725-732.
6Saito M,Wein AJ,Levin RM.Effect of partial outlet obstruction on contractility:comparison between severe and mild obstruction.Neurourol Urodyn,1993,12:573-583.
7Blaivas JG.Urinary symptoms and symptom scores.J Urol,1993,150:1714.
8Chapple CR,Smith D.The pathophysiological changes in the bladder obstructed by benign prostatic hyperplasia.Br J Urol,1994,73:117-123.
9Cumming JA,Chisholm GD.Changes in detrusor innervation with relief of outflow tract obstruction.Br J Urol,1992,69:7-11.
10Hegde SS,Choppin A,Bonhaus D,et al.Functional role of M2 and M3 muscarinic receptors in the urinary bladder of rats in vitro and in vivo.Br J Pharmacol,1997,120:1409-1418.