红肉苹果的组织培养快繁技术

Tissue Culture of Malus pumila var. niedzwetzkyana (Dieck) Schneid

[目的]建立红肉苹果的高效植株再生体系。[方法]以红肉苹果的茎尖和带腋芽的茎段为外植体,通过组织培养试验筛选出最佳的灭菌时间、基础培养基、增殖培养基和生根培养基。[结果]随着消毒时间的延长,外植体的污染率明显下降,但外植体受到的伤害显著增加。用0.1%HgCl2灭菌5min的外植体生长正常,污染率仅为3.3%。在增殖培养基MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L、MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.2mg/L和MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.5mg/L中,每个外植体平均增殖不定芽4.1、6.8和3.3个。在生根培养基1/2MS+0.1mg/LIBA+0.1mg/LNAA、1/2MS+0.2mg/LIBA+0.2mg/LNAA和1/2MS+0.5mg/LIBA+0.5mg/LNAA上幼苗的生根率分别为56.7%、96.7%和83.3%。[结论]该研究为红肉苹果的快速离体扩繁和工厂化育苗以及园林应用奠定了良好的基础。

[ Objective ] The purpose of the study was to set up the high efficient plantlet regeneration system of Malus pumila var. niedzwetzkyana （Dieck） Schneid. [Method] With shoot tips and stem segments with axillary buds of niedzwet-zkyana as explants, the optimum sterili- zation time, basic medium, proliferation medium and rooting medium were screened out through tissue euhure experiments. [ Result] As the sterilization time was extended, the contamination rate of explants was decreased obviously, but the damage on explants was increased significantly. The explants sterilized with 0.1% mercuric chloride for 5 min grew normally and their contamination rate was only 3.3%. In the proliferation media MS ＋ 6-BA 0. 5 mg/L ＋ NAA 0.1 mg,/L, MS ＋ 6-BA 0.5 mg/L ＋ NAA 0.2 mg/L and MS ＋ 6-BA 0.5 mg/L ＋ NAA 0. 5 mg/L, each explant proliferated 4.1, 6.8 and 3.3 adventitious buds averagely. In the rooting media 1/2MS ＋0.1 mg/L IBA ＋0.1 mg/L NAA, 1/2MS ＋ 0. 2 mg/L IBA ＋ 0.2 mg,/L NAA and 1/2MS ＋ 0.5 mg/L IBA ＋ 0. 5 mg/L NAA, the rooting rates of seedlings were 56.7%, 96.7% and 83.3% resp. [Conclusion] This study laid a good foundation for the rapid mass propagation in vitro, industrial seedling-raising and landscape application of niedzwet-zkyana.