播期对夏玉米生长发育及产量影响的研究

Effect of sowing date on growth and yield of summer corn(Zea mays.L)

为给河北省有限光热资源的合理利用和夏玉米产量的提高提供理论依据,本试验以‘郑单958’、‘农大108’、‘DH-3719’3个不同生育期品种为材料,研究了不同播期对夏玉米植株形态指标、生育进程、干物质积累和产量的影响。结果表明：夏玉米提早播种,干物质积累量明显增加,株高、穗位高降低,茎秆变粗。播期对夏玉米产量影响明显,播期每提前1 d,灌浆时间延长0.74 d,千粒重增加10%~14.8%,产量增加9%~13.9%。在河北省光热资源条件下,夏玉米播期不应晚于6月15日,灌浆时间应保证在50 d以上。

In order to provide theoretical support for the efficient utilization of the limited light and heat resources and summer maize yield increase in Hebei Province,this study was conducted with three corn hybrids with different growth period to observe the effects of different sowing date on plant morphological indexes, growth process, dry matter accumulation and the grain yield of summer corn. The results showed that dry matter accumulation amount increased obviously,plant height and ear height decreased, stem diameter thickened when summer corn sowed early. Sowing date had significant effect on the grain yield of summer corn, one-day-ahead of sowing date resulted in grain filling time prolonged 0. 74 day, grain weight increased by 10%- 14.8% and grain yield increased by 9%-13.9%. Under the condition of limited light and heat resource in Hebei province, sowing date of summer corn should not be later than June 15th, and the grain filling period should last more than 50 days.