超声和水声用压电复合材料的研究进展

Research Progress of Piezoelectric Composites for Ultrasound and Underwater Transducers

压电复合材料相比普通压电陶瓷具有高的灵敏度、低的声阻抗及良好的柔韧性等优点,是制作超声和水声换能器的首选材料。综述了1-3和3-3型压电复合材料的传统及最新制备工艺技术特点,概述了该研究领域的主要理论成果,重点介绍了有限元方法在压电复合材料研究中的应用,并总结了压电复合材料在超声和水声换能器件方面的研究进展。在此基础上提出了压电复合材料在器件应用中面临并亟待解决的几个问题。

Piezoelectric composites are more appropriate for ultrasound and underwater transducers because of the advantages of higher delicacy, much lower acoustic impedances in contrast with conventional piezoelectric ceramics. The traditional and latest processing techniques of types 1-3 and 3-3 piezoelectric composites, as well as their advantages and disadvantages, are introduced in this paper. The main theoretic accomplishments are summarized, and applications of the finite element method are emphatically discussed. In addition, research progress of piezoelectric composites in the field of ultrasound and underwater transducers are reviewed. The exigent problems of piezoelectric composite research in transducer applications are finally proposed.