婴幼儿睡眠质量与体格发育的关系

Relationship between sleep quality and physical development in infants and young children

目的探讨5～30个月婴幼儿睡眠质量对体格发育的影响。方法采用自行设计信息采集表结合简明婴幼儿睡眠问卷（BISQ）调查2008年3月至2009年3月在新桥医院睡眠专科门诊、常规门诊、儿保门诊就诊及重庆市新桥幼儿园就读的5～30个月年龄段婴幼儿的体格发育及睡眠相关情况。对纳入的102例婴幼儿，按家长对孩子的睡眠感知情况，分为有问题和无问题两组，按不同年龄段比较两组身高、体质量、头围、胸围及BISQ参数。结果（1）5～12个月婴儿，有问题组与无问题组比较，前者当前体质量、身高、头围、胸围低，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；（2）1～2岁幼儿，有问题组与无问题组比较，前者当前体质量、身高、头围、胸围低，入睡潜伏期延长、入睡起始时间延后、夜间觉醒次数增多、夜间睡眠总量缩短、白天睡眠总量延长，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；（3）2～2．5岁幼儿，有问题组与无问题组比较，前者当前体质量、身高、胸围低，入睡潜伏期延长、夜间觉醒时间增多、夜间觉醒次数增多、夜间睡眠持续时间缩短、睡眠总量缩短，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论睡眠对婴幼儿的体格发育具有重要意义，无睡眠问题的婴幼儿较有睡眠问题的婴幼儿体格发育好。

Objective To study the relationship between sleep quality and physical development in infants and young children. Methods One hundred and two children were divided into the sleep problem group and the no problem group according to parents＇ cognition,comparing two groups of heights, weight, head size, chest circumference and the BISQ sleep parameter according to the different age groups. Results （1） In the 5 - 12 month old infants, the heights, weight, head size, chest circumference of the sleep problem group were lower than those of the no problem group, P〈0.05. （2）In the 1- 2 years old children, the sleep problem group vs the no problem group, the former group＇s heights, weight, head size, chest circumference were lower, the sleep-onset time and the bed time delayed, night wakings increased, the nocturnal sleep amount was shorter, the daytime sleep amount was longer,P〈0.05. （3） In the 2-2. 5 years old children, the sleep problem group vs the no problem group, the former group＇s heights, weight, chest circumference was lower, the sleep-onset time delayed, nocturnal wakefulness and night wakings increased, the nocturnal sleep duration and amount and the total sleep were shorter,P〈0.05. Conclusion The sleep has an important impact on the physical development in infants and young children. The non-sleep problem infants and children grow better than those with sleep problems.