超高速切削现象的理论分析

Theroretical Analysis on Phenomena of Ultra-high Speed Machining

运用金属学知识和摩擦磨损原理对超高速切削的若干现象作了理论分析，结果表明，切削力较普通切削小的原因是切削力更集中地作用于切削层金属，位错易于运动，剪切变形更易发生，以及前后刀面摩擦阻力减小的结果；切削热和切削温度的固有特性与切削过程的剪切变形和前后刀面的摩擦挤压作用特点相关；高的表面质量有赖于积悄瘤和鳞刺的消失，但后刀面与已加工表面间的摩擦挤压引起的隆起残留量的减少也起着重要的作用。

This paper has made a theoretical analysis on the ultra-high speed machining applying metallurgy knowledge and wear principle. Its result indicates that the first reason why the cutting force is smaller than the common cut is that the cutting force acts more concentrated on the cut of metal so that the dislocation moves more easily and sheer deformation occurs more easily The second reason is that the friction drags of the face and major flank decreases. The intrinsic characteristic of the cutting heat and the cutting temperature are related to the sheer deformation in the course of cutting and the friction and extrusion of the face and major flank. The high quality of the surface rely on the disappearance of the built-up edge and scale, but the reduction of the swelling remains caused by the friction and extrusion between major flank and theprocessed surface also plays an important role.