近50年来晋西北地区气候变化分析

Climate changes in northwest of Shanxi Province in recent 50 years

根据晋西北地区3个具有代表性的气象站1955～2005年间的逐月气温、降水记录,运用线性趋势和距平分析方法,研究了晋西北近50年来的气候变化。研究表明:晋西北地区近50年来气候总体上具有暖干化的特征,年平均气温呈波动上升趋势,其增长速率为0.012℃/a;以80年代中期为界,表现为"前凉后暖"的特点;最冷月增长速率(0.027℃/a)>年均增长速率(0.012℃/a)>最热月(0.0049℃/a),增温主要发生在最冷月。年均降水量也呈波动减少趋势,其减少的速率为1.322mm/a;降水量的年际变幅表现为:夏季>秋季>春季>冬季;降水量有夏季减少、秋冬季略微增加的趋势,减少量大于增加量。

According to the data of temperature and precipitation of three representative weather stations from 1955 to 2005 in Northwest of Shanxi, the clilaate changes were analyzed by using linear trends and anomaly analysis. Research showed that the characters of climate in the northwest of Shanxi were becoming warmer and drier in the last 50 years, the average annual temperature was rising with a rate of 0.012℃/a; before the mid - 1980s called a cold period ,after it called a warm period; the rate of temperature increase in the coldest month （0. 027℃/a） 〉 average rate （0.012℃/a） 〉 that the hottest month （0. 0049℃/a） ; the major warming occurred in the coldest month. Average annual precipitation was reducing with a rate of 1. 322mm/a; the rate of precipitation decrease was the biggest in summer, followed by autumn, and the smallest in winter; the reduction of precipitation in summer was greater than the increase in autumn and winter.