围栏禁牧对浑善达克沙地退化草场植物群落特征的影响

Effect of fencing on community characteristics of degenerated grassland in Hunshandake Sand

采用样方法对浑善达克沙地退化草场围栏和围栏外样地的植物群落特征及其地上生物量进行调查分析,以研究围栏禁牧对浑善达克沙地退化草场的植物群落特征的影响。结果表明:围栏内以多年生草本为主,围栏外以一年生草本为主。围栏禁牧与否在植物种数量上有差异,说明在围栏禁牧处理的年份中,围封措施影响植物群落特征。围封4年栏内比栏外草层高度提高410.2%,群落盖度提高396.9%,地上生物量提高126.2%;一些饲用价值差的植物大量出现在围栏外的植物群落中,优等饲用植物出现在围栏内。饲用价值从纵向来看,围栏内饲用价值优良的牧草有所增加,而中等及差的牧草减少,围栏外恰恰相反。这表明放牧抑制一些饲用价值高的植物种的侵入,促进了一些适口性较差的植物种的再生,从而形成了相对稳定的群落类型。

To study the effect of fencing on plant community characters and aboveground biomass of degenerated grassland in Hunshandake, the community characters and aboveground biomass both in and out of the feneing were analyzed. The results showed that herbage plants were the dominant life forms in the fenced grassland, while annual herb were the dominant life forms out of the fence. The plant species and number were different in and out of the fence. It indicated that the fence affected plant community characters in the year of the fencing treatment. The height of grass sward of in - fencing increased 410.2% comparing to that out - fence, the community coverage increased by 396.9% ,the aboveground biomass increased by 126.2%. There were plenty of low feeding value plants out of the fence, the excellent feeding value plants merged in the fence. The feeding value from portrait, the grazing of eminent feeding value increased in the fence, while the plants with medium and poor grazing value decreased, it was opposite out of the fencing.