努尔哈赤和皇太极的“虚边实内”政策研究

A Study of the Policy of the "Reinforcement of the Area inside the Pass" by Nurhachi and Abahai

作为清王朝的奠基者、开创者,努尔哈赤、皇太极在统一女真诸部、建立巩固后金和清政权的过程中,推行了各种行之有效的政策。其中大力实施的"虚边实内"政策,为满族的兴起和强盛奠定了物质基础,为灭亡明朝、统一全国作了必要的准备。但"虚边实内"也造成东北边疆人口、防务等的空虚,为俄国后来的入侵提供了方便。

As the founders of the Qing Dynasty, Nurhachi and Abahai pursued a number of effective policies in uniting Nuzhen tribes and establishing the Later Jin and Qing Dynasties. One of such policies as the ＂reinforcement of the area inside the Pass＂ laid the material foundation for the rising of the Manchus and made them well-prepared for destroying the Ming Dynasty and uniting the whole China. However, the policy also caused the sparse population and loose defence in the area east of the Pass, which made it easy for later Russian invasion.