论孔子哲学思想的天命鬼神观

Confucian View on Destiny and Ghost

孔子的天命鬼神观思想一直是学术界争论不休的一个问题,这一思想在孔子的哲学思想中也占据着重要的地位。文章主要从孔子对"天"、"命"、"天命"的理解和对"鬼神"的态度;"知命"、"顺命"、"乐天"和"知其不可为而为之"的关系;天命鬼神观所体现出的注重人事和重视现实的精神;天命鬼神观在孔子学说中的地位及其影响四个方面试图全面而又在最大程度上认清并分析孔子的天命鬼神观。

Confucian view on destiny ghost is always a controversial issue,which plays significant role in his philosophy. It is discussed in this paper Confucian understanding on ＂heaven＂,＂destiny＂, and ＂fate＂ and attitudes to ＂god and ghost＂, in addition to the relation to ＂knowing the destiny＂, ＂optimistic＂, and ＂ doing what is impossible＂. Destiny and ghost refleets the spirit emphasizing man and reality. Confucian view on destiny and ghost is analyzed from the perspective of its status and effect.