陶渊明人生论稿

ON THE LIFE OF TAO YUANMING

陶渊明具有强烈的自我意识和自觉的反思精神,他始终面对着严重的人生危机。贫困是纠缠其一生的问题,而精神问题则更为严重:隐居前,物质需求与精神需求之矛盾转化为仕与隐的尖锐冲突;隐居于田园之中,他并非一直是"采菊东篱下,悠然见南山",而要面对新的心理矛盾和精神痛苦,即孤独感、死亡忧患和功名情结。

With a strong self-consciousness and self-reflection, Tao Yuanming was always facing serious life crises. Poverty bothered and troubled him all his life, and more serious was his spiritual torment. Before he lived in seclusion, the contradiction between material needs and spiritual ones was transferred into the conflict between the choice to be an official and the one to live in seclusion. While he lived in seclusion, he did not live a peaceful life. Instead, he suffered from new mental contradictions and spiritual torments, i.e. loneliness, the misery of death and the complex of fame.