中国斗鸡mtDNA遗传多样性及起源研究

Analysis on the Genetic Diversity and the Origin of mtDNA in Chinese Game Chicken

本研究旨在探究中国斗鸡的遗传多样性和起源。运用DNA测序的方法测定了河南斗鸡、鲁西斗鸡、吐鲁番斗鸡、西双版纳斗鸡和漳州斗鸡5个斗鸡品种40个个体的mtDNA细胞色素b（Cytb）的部分碱基序列（535 bp）。结果表明,这5个斗鸡品种共有6种单倍型;单倍型多样度为0.428 57-0.785 71;核苷酸多样度为0.000 80-0.006 54;漳州斗鸡与其它斗鸡的遗传距离均较远;基于单倍型构建的系统发生树分析表明中国斗鸡母系起源于多个红色原鸡亚种。结论,漳州斗鸡的遗传多样性最丰富,而西双版纳斗鸡和吐鲁番斗鸡最贫乏;中国斗鸡母系起源于多个红色原鸡亚种。

In order to investigate the genetic diversity and origin of Chinese game chicken, a total of 535 bp of mitochondrial DNA Cytb gene of five game chicken breeds （40 individuals） including Henan game, Luxi game, Tulufan game, Xishuangbanna game and Zhangzhou game chicken were sequenced by DNA sequencing method. The results showed that there were 6 haplotypes found in the five game chicken breeds. The haplotype diversity was arranged from 0. 428 57 to 0. 785 71, and the nucleotide diversity was arranged from 0.000 80 to 0.006 54. The genetic distance between the Zhangzhou game chicken and other game chicken were farther. The analysis of phylogenetic trees for the chicken constructed based on the haplotypes indicated that the Chinese game chicken may originate from several subspecies of red jungle. The results indicated that there were richest genetic diversity in Zhangzhou game chicken and lowest genetic diversity in Tulufan game chicken and Xishuangbanna game chicken and the maternal origin of Chinese game chicken may originate from several subspecies of red jungle.