电场时序差分在雷电预警中的有效性分析

Validity analysis of electric field temporal difference in thunderstorm warning

目前国内应用地面大气电场仪进行雷电预警一般使用阈值法,这一方法直接使用电场观测值的多重阈值来进行预警,在实际应用中容易出现误报和漏报的现象。本文通过对晴天大气电场和雷暴天气大气电场分析了大气电场时序差分的基本特征,并结合SAFIR3000闪电定位观测数据,对典型雷暴过程下的电场时序差分进行了深入分析。本文还选取了有雷暴发生和无雷暴发生的预警应用个例进行了分析,分析结果表明电场时序差分的应用能在一定程度上提高雷电预警的效率。

At present, threshold method is commonly applied in thunderstorm warning with ground atmospheric electric field mill in China. Multi-threshold of electric field observations is used to give early warning directly. But it easily makes mistake and gives failure reports in application. Temporal difference electric field on the ground, which represents changing rate electric field with time, can reflect the intensity of atmospheric electric field change. The basic characteristic of electric field temporal difference was found with analyzing electric field data of fair weather and thunderstorm weather. Electric field temporal difference of typical thunderstorm processes was analyzed with the lightning positioning data of SAFIR3000. Two warning cases, one with thunderstorm and the other without thunderstorm, were selected to analyze validity of electric field temporal difference in thunderstorm warning. Result showed that electric field temporal difference can help to improve efficiency of thunderstorm warning.